ALLEN & HEATH XONE:62 User's Guide download pdf (Page 28)

28 XONE:62 User Guide

DJ Disc Jockey. The console operator sequencing

and playing the music tracks. Some simply play the

tracks, others talk over with introductions and

announcements, and others provide an entertaining

performance by mixing and shaping sounds to

create a completely different musical experience.

Drum Machine An electronic drum simulator as

used by keyboard players and in electronic music.

This now provides another DJ tool to create an

alternative beat to mix in with the music.

Dynamic Range The difference expressed in dB

between the highest and lowest signal levels

possible. This is limited by the clipping level and

residual noise floor respectively.

Earth Also known as ‘ground’. The term for the

electronic signal reference. This connects to the

mains supply earth point and all cable shields and

conductive equipment cases. It provides the return

for the signal voltage within the equipment. It also

ensures operator safety by removing the possibility

of electric shock should the mains voltage touch any

metal part.

Earth Loop The result when the equipment sees

more than one path to the system earth. Current

flows because a resistive loop susceptible to radio

and mains interference is formed. This can result in

audible hum or buzz in the system.

Equaliser (EQ) This provides cut or boost of

selected frequencies (equalisation) for tonal shaping

of the sound. This is similar to the bass and treble

controls of domestic hifi amplifiers. However, XONE

provides 4 independently controllable frequency

bands for corrective or effective sound shaping.

Feedback Also known as ‘howlround’ or ‘ringing’

this is the rapidly increasing tone produced when a

microphone picks up its own signal from the

speakers. It is usually a shrill and annoying squeal

that should be quickly dealt with by reducing mic

gain or equalising the system to notch out the

offending frequencies.

Gain This is the boost or attenuation applied to the

source signal in the channel preamp stage to match

it to the console operating level. For example, a

large amount of gain is need to match low

microphone signals. It is set using the console

meters. Gain is not used for level (volume) control.

Headroom The amount of level available

expressed in dB to handle peaks above the normal

0dB operating level.

Hz Hertz. The measurement of frequency. The

audio spectrum ranges from a low (bass) frequency

of 20Hz to a high (treble) 20kHz. Not many sound

systems reproduce the full range. Average hearing

does not extend much beyond 15kHz or so.

Response is further impaired if the ear is subjected

to continual high sound pressure levels.

Highpass A filter that attenuates frequencies

below the cut-off frequency.

Hum Apart from not knowing the words… this is

the audible noise that usually results from mains

interference pickup, earth loops, bad

interconnections and induced power supply and

lighting fields. It is usually at mains frequency

(50/60Hz) or a related harmonic.

Impedance (Z) A technical term for the resistance

of a signal conductor to ground. Low impedance

usually refers to microphones of 200 ohms or less,

and line signals typically less than 100 ohms. Low

Z sources are less prone to interference pickup.

Inputs are usually high impedance so that one

source can connect to more than one channel

without signal loss. Note that the operating

impedance of a connection is set by the impedance

of the source, not that of the unconnected input.

Impedance balanced Refers to the type of output

signal connection. Has three conductors, two for

signal and a shield which is connected to earth.

Provides interference rejection similar to a fully

balanced connection because the two signal

conductors are matched at the same impedance.

However, the drive capability is less because the

signal is carried by only one conductor.

Limiter A signal processor that limits the maximum

level possible by preventing the signal going over a

predetermined threshold level. This is very useful in

club installations where it is inserted between the

console and house system amplifiers to prevent the

DJ exceeding the maximum allowable volume.

Lowpass A filter that attenuates frequencies

above the cut-off frequency.

MC Master of Ceremonies. The presenter who

introduces the performances and maintains the

running order.

MiniDisc A type of low cost digital 2-track recorder

that uses a disc similar to but smaller than that used

by computers. It records up to 74 minutes of stereo

material and is regarded as the modern

replacement for the audio cassette recorder. It has

the added facility to label and edit tracks.

Mono The left and right stereo signals summed

together as one.

Mute To turn off the signal.

Noise Generic term for an unwanted signal. This

may be residual electronic hiss, hum, buzz, clicks

and pops, or simply loud undesirable music.

Noise Floor This is the term for the residual

electronic noise produced by all powered audio

equipment. It usually sounds like a constant hiss,

although some equipment may suffer from residual

hum as well.

Omni-directional The response of a microphone

which picks up sounds equally all round. Not suited

to live vocal applications as they are more prone to

feed back.

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ALLEN & HEATH XONE:62 User's Guide Page 28

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