ALLEN & HEATH XONE:92L User's Guide download pdf (Page 31)

XONE:92 User Guide 31

Glossary

The following section is included to help you understand some of the technical terms and

jargon referred to with consoles of this type. It is by no means a complete reference.

Please refer to specialist audio publications should you wish to know more.

Amplitude Another term used for signal level.

Asymmetric EQ An equaliser with a different

amount of cut and boost of the frequency bands.

This is used to restrict the available boost so

preventing system overload while providing

extended cut to allow dramatic performance effects

by ‘killing’ selected frequencies.

Attenuate Reduce the signal level.

Aux Auxiliary. An independent mix derived from

the channels for various functions. This can be set

pre (before) or post (after) the channel fader. Pre-

fade sends are often used for foldback monitors or

DJ sampler effects feeds. Post-fade sends are

often used for reverb effects, zone and special

recording feeds.

Balanced, Unbalanced Refers to the type of input

or output signal connection. An unbalanced

connection has two signal carrying conductors, one

of which is the cable shield. A balanced connection

has three conductors, two for signal and a shield

which is connected to earth. Because the signal

conductors are at the same impedance and of

opposite polarity they are better able to cancel and

therefore reject interference and noise pickup. It is

standard practice to use balanced connections for

long cable runs, for example to amplifiers, or cables

carrying sensitive or low level signals, for example

microphones.

Bandpass A filter with a bell-shaped response for

attenuation of frequencies either side of the centre

frequency.

Beat Mixing Using the variable pitch controls on

turntables/CD players to synchronise the rhythm

track of two separate songs, so that the beat

remains constant when smoothly cross-fading from

one to the other.

Bi-amping Providing separate amplifiers to drive

the high and low frequency units in a loudspeaker.

This requires a crossover processor that splits the

frequency band into low and high. Bi-amping

usually produces a cleaner and more controllable

sound in larger systems.

BPM Beats Per Minute. The measurement of the

rhythmic beat of the music.

Booth The area, often enclosed, where the DJ

operates. Usually provided with local booth monitor

loudspeakers.

Cardiod The response of a microphone which is

more sensitive in front than behind. This is

generally used for vocal miking to reduce acoustic

feedback.

Cut Mixing Moving the cross-fade control sharply

from one side to the other, to either pick out a

sound, a hi-hat, kick drum etc, or to drop straight

into another record. Also known as chopping.

Cartridge The pickup in a turntable. Uses a

needle to pick up vibrations from the record (vinyl)

and convert this to electrical signals that feed the

console. The cartridge is usually fitted to a

removable headshell that plugs into the turntable

arm.

Clipping The harsh distorted sound that results

when the signal hits the maximum level possible.

This is set by the power rail voltage. Above this

there is simply no more voltage available so the

signal is ‘clipped’.

Compact Disc (CD) Well established stereo

player using digitally mastered pre-recorded flat

discs. Becoming popular with DJs as a replacement

or alternative to vinyl mixing. Recordable CDs are

now available.

Crossfader A short horizontally mounted fader for

smoothly fading one music track in while fading the

other out. Often used by the DJ for cutting and

layering sounds while mixing.

Cue A monitor system provided for the DJ or

console operator to check individual channel signals

using headphones while lining up tracks ready to

introduce into the mix. This does not affect the main

console outputs.

DAT Digital Audio Tape. A type of digital 2 track

recorder that uses a small tape cartridge to produce

high quality recordings in a compact format.

dB Decibel. The unit of measurement for audio

signal level. This is logarithmic to follow the

response of the human ear. ‘dB’ is a relative

measurement to compare one level with another, for

example gain from input to output. ‘dBu’ is an

absolute measurement referenced to a voltage

standard where 0dBu = 0.775V rms. The console

main outputs operate at the professional ‘high’

standard of +4dBu (1.23V) = ‘0’ reading on the

meters. '’dBV’ is a similar measurement but refers

to a 1V standard. It is common for consumer

equipment to operate a the ‘low’ standard of –

10dBV (316mV). ‘dBA’ refers to sound pressure

level and is measured using the ‘A’ scale that

‘hears’ in the same way as the human ear.

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ALLEN & HEATH XONE:92L User's Guide Page 31

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